collector(java收集器Collector怎么使用)

一、收集器Collector

//T:表示流中每個元素的類型。A:表示中間結果容器的類型。R:表示最終返回的結果類型。publicinterfaceCollector<T,A,R>{Supplier<A>supplier()//生成容器BiConsumer<A,T>accumulator()//是添加元素BinaryOperator<A>combiner()//是合并容器Function<A,R>finisher()///是輸出的結果Set<Collector.Characteristics>characteristics()//返回Set的Collector.Characteristics指示此收集器的特征。//返回一個新的Collector由給定的描述supplier,accumulator,combiner,和finisher功能。static<T,A,R>Collector<T,A,R>of(Supplier<A>supplier,BiConsumer<A,T>accumulator,BinaryOperator<A>combiner,Function<A,R>finisher,Collector.Characteristics...characteristics)//返回一個新的Collector由給定的描述supplier,accumulator和combiner功能。static<T,R>Collector<T,R,R>of(Supplier<R>supplier,BiConsumer<R,T>accumulator,BinaryOperator<R>combiner,Collector.Characteristics...characteristics)}

二、收集器工廠Collectors

public final class Collectors extends Object

Collectors作為Stream的collect方法的參數,Collector是一個接口,它是一個可變的匯聚操作,將輸入元素累計到一個可變的結果容器中;它會在所有元素都處理完畢后,將累積的結果轉換為一個最終的表示(這是一個可選操作);

Collectors本身提供了關于Collector的常見匯聚實現,Collectors的內部類CollectorImpl實現了Collector接口,Collectors本身實際上是一個
工廠。

2.1 變成ConcurrentMap

//返回將Collector元素累積到其中ConcurrentMap的并發函數,其鍵和值是將提供的映射函數應用于輸入元素的結果。static<T,K,U>Collector<T,?,ConcurrentMap<K,U>>toConcurrentMap(Function<?superT,?extendsK>keyMapper,Function<?superT,?extendsU>valueMapper)//返回將Collector元素累積到其中ConcurrentMap的并發函數,其鍵和值是將提供的映射函數應用于輸入元素的結果。static<T,K,U>Collector<T,?,ConcurrentMap<K,U>>toConcurrentMap(Function<?superT,?extendsK>keyMapper,Function<?superT,?extendsU>valueMapper,BinaryOperator<U>mergeFunction)//返回將Collector元素累積到其中ConcurrentMap的并發函數,其鍵和值是將提供的映射函數應用于輸入元素的結果。static<T,K,U,MextendsConcurrentMap<K,U>>Collector<T,?,M>toConcurrentMap(Function<?superT,?extendsK>keyMapper,Function<?superT,?extendsU>valueMapper,BinaryOperator<U>mergeFunction,Supplier<M>mapSupplier)

2.2 變成Map

static<T,K,U>Collector<T,?,Map<K,U>>toMap(Function<?superT,?extendsK>keyMapper,Function<?superT,?extendsU>valueMapper)//1、當key重復時,會拋出異常:java.lang.IllegalStateException:Duplicatekey//2、當value為null時,會拋出異常:java.lang.NullPointerException

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",3));integerList.add(newPerson("b",3));integerList.add(newPerson("c",3));integerList.add(newPerson("d",2));integerList.add(newPerson("e",2));integerList.add(newPerson("f",2));Mapmap=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Person::getName,Person::getAge));System.out.println(map);//{a=3,b=3,c=3,d=2,e=2,f=2}

//第三個參數用在key值沖突的情況下:如果新元素產生的key在Map中已經出現過了,第三個參數就會定義解決的辦法。static<T,K,U>Collector<T,?,Map<K,U>>toMap(Function<?superT,?extendsK>keyMapper,Function<?superT,?extendsU>valueMapper,BinaryOperator<U>mergeFunction)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",3));integerList.add(newPerson("b",3));integerList.add(newPerson("c",3));integerList.add(newPerson("d",2));integerList.add(newPerson("e",2));integerList.add(newPerson("e",3));Collections.sort(integerList,comparator);System.out.println(integerList);*/Mapmap=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.toMap(Person::getName,Person::getAge,(a,b)->a+b));System.out.println(map);//{a=3,b=3,c=3,d=2,e=5}

//返回將Collector元素累積到Map其鍵中的值,其值是將提供的映射函數應用于輸入元素的結果。static<T,K,U,MextendsMap<K,U>>Collector<T,?,M>toMap(Function<?superT,?extendsK>keyMapper,Function<?superT,?extendsU>valueMapper,BinaryOperator<U>mergeFunction,Supplier<M>mapSupplier)

2.3 變成Collection

static<T>Collector<T,?,List<T>>toList()static<T>Collector<T,?,Set<T>>toSet()//自定義static<T,CextendsCollection<T>>Collector<T,?,C>toCollection(Supplier<C>collectionFactory)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",3));integerList.add(newPerson("b",3));integerList.add(newPerson("c",3));integerList.add(newPerson("d",2));integerList.add(newPerson("e",2));integerList.add(newPerson("e",3));List<Integer>list=integerList.stream().map(Person::getAge).collect(Collectors.toList());System.out.println(list);//[3,3,3,2,2,3]System.out.println(list.getClass());//classjava.util.ArrayListSet<Integer>set=integerList.stream().map(Person::getAge).collect(Collectors.toSet());System.out.println(set);//[2,3]System.out.println(set.getClass());//classjava.util.HashSetLinkedList<Integer>linkedList=integerList.stream().map(Person::getAge).collect(Collectors.toCollection(LinkedList::new));System.out.println(linkedList);//[3,3,3,2,2,3]System.out.println(linkedList.getClass());//classjava.util.LinkedList

2.4 變成String

staticCollector<CharSequence,?,String>joining()//delimiter分隔符連接staticCollector<CharSequence,?,String>joining(CharSequencedelimiter)//prefix前綴//suffix后綴staticCollector<CharSequence,?,String>joining(CharSequencedelimiter,CharSequenceprefix,CharSequencesuffix)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",3));integerList.add(newPerson("b",3));integerList.add(newPerson("c",3));integerList.add(newPerson("d",2));integerList.add(newPerson("e",2));integerList.add(newPerson("e",3));Stringlist=integerList.stream().map(Person::getName).collect(Collectors.joining());System.out.println(list);//abcdeeStringset=integerList.stream().map(Person::getName).collect(Collectors.joining(","));System.out.println(set);//a,b,c,d,e,eStringlinkedList=integerList.stream().map(Person::getName).collect(Collectors.joining(",","(",")"));System.out.println(linkedList);//(a,b,c,d,e,e)

2.5 計算最值

static<T>Collector<T,?,Optional<T>>maxBy(Comparator<?superT>comparator)static<T>Collector<T,?,Optional<T>>minBy(Comparator<?superT>comparator)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",1));integerList.add(newPerson("b",2));integerList.add(newPerson("c",3));integerList.add(newPerson("d",4));integerList.add(newPerson("e",5));integerList.add(newPerson("e",6));Optional<Person>person=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.maxBy(Comparator.comparing(Person::getAge)));System.out.println(person.get());//Person{name='e',age='6'}

2.6 平均值

static<T>Collector<T,?,Double>averagingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<?superT>mapper)static<T>Collector<T,?,Double>averagingInt(ToIntFunction<?superT>mapper)static<T>Collector<T,?,Double>averagingLong(ToLongFunction<?superT>mapper)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",1));integerList.add(newPerson("b",1));integerList.add(newPerson("c",1));integerList.add(newPerson("d",1));integerList.add(newPerson("e",1));integerList.add(newPerson("e",1));doublenumber=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.averagingDouble(Person::getAge));System.out.println(number);//1.0

2.7 統計數據

static<T>Collector<T,?,DoubleSummaryStatistics>summarizingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<?superT>mapper)static<T>Collector<T,?,IntSummaryStatistics>summarizingInt(ToIntFunction<?superT>mapper)static<T>Collector<T,?,LongSummaryStatistics>summarizingLong(ToLongFunction<?superT>mapper)

DoubleSummaryStatistics,IntSummaryStatistics,LongSummaryStatistics 用于收集統計數據(如計數,最小值,最大值,總和和平均值)的狀態對象。
此實現不是線程安全的。但是,Collectors.toXXXStatistics()在并行流上使用是安全的 ,因為并行實現Stream.collect() 提供了必要的分區,隔離和合并結果,以實現安全有效的并行執行。

他們的方法如下:

voidaccept(intvalue)//添加一個值voidcombine(IntSummaryStatisticsother)//將另一個的狀態合并IntSummaryStatistics到這個狀態中。doublegetAverage()//算術平均值,如果沒有記錄值,則返回零。longgetCount()//返回記錄的值的計數。intgetMax()//返回記錄的最大值,或者Integer.MIN_VALUE沒有記錄值。intgetMin()//返回記錄的最小值,或者Integer.MAX_VALUE沒有記錄值。longgetSum()//返回記錄的值的總和,如果沒有記錄值,則返回零。StringtoString()//返回對象的字符串表示形式。

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",1));integerList.add(newPerson("b",2));integerList.add(newPerson("c",3));integerList.add(newPerson("d",4));integerList.add(newPerson("e",5));integerList.add(newPerson("e",6));DoubleSummaryStatisticsnumber=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.summarizingDouble(Person::getAge));System.out.println(number.getMax());//6System.out.println(number.getMin());//1.0System.out.println(number.getSum());//21.0System.out.println(number.getAverage());//3.5number.accept(100);System.out.println(number.getMax());//100.0

2.8 求和

static<T>Collector<T,?,Double>summingDouble(ToDoubleFunction<?superT>mapper)static<T>Collector<T,?,Integer>summingInt(ToIntFunction<?superT>mapper)static<T>Collector<T,?,Long>summingLong(ToLongFunction<?superT>mapper)

2.9 reducing函數

//op縮減的函數static<T>Collector<T,?,Optional<T>>reducing(BinaryOperator<T>op)//identity儲存器初始值static<T>Collector<T,?,T>reducing(Tidentity,BinaryOperator<T>op)//mapper作用的數值static<T,U>Collector<T,?,U>reducing(Uidentity,Function<?superT,?extendsU>mapper,BinaryOperator<U>op)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",1));integerList.add(newPerson("b",0));integerList.add(newPerson("c",0));integerList.add(newPerson("d",0));integerList.add(newPerson("e",0));integerList.add(newPerson("e",0));Integernumber=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.reducing(1,Person::getAge,(a,b)->a+b));System.out.println(number);//2

2.10 計數

//返回Collector類型的接受元素,T用于計算輸入元素的數量。static<T>Collector<T,?,Long>counting()

2.11 分組-變成map

//classifier分組依據函數static<T,K>Collector<T,?,Map<K,List<T>>>groupingBy(Function<?superT,?extendsK>classifier)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",1));integerList.add(newPerson("a",2));integerList.add(newPerson("a",3));integerList.add(newPerson("b",4));integerList.add(newPerson("b",5));integerList.add(newPerson("b",6));Mapmap=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Person::getName));System.out.println(map);{a=[Person{name='a',age='1'},Person{name='a',age='2'},Person{name='a',age='3'}],b=[Person{name='b',age='4'},Person{name='b',age='5'},Person{name='b',age='6'}]}

//downstream將小組內對象進行處理static<T,K,A,D>Collector<T,?,Map<K,D>>groupingBy(Function<?superT,?extendsK>classifier,Collector<?superT,A,D>downstream)//mapFactory中間操作static<T,K,D,A,MextendsMap<K,D>>Collector<T,?,M>groupingBy(Function<?superT,?extendsK>classifier,Supplier<M>mapFactory,Collector<?superT,A,D>downstream)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",1));integerList.add(newPerson("a",2));integerList.add(newPerson("a",3));integerList.add(newPerson("b",4));integerList.add(newPerson("b",5));integerList.add(newPerson("b",6));Mapmap=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Person::getName,Collectors.reducing(0,Person::getAge,(a,b)->a+b)));System.out.println(map);//{a=6,b=15}Mapmap=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.groupingBy(Person::getName,TreeMap::new,Collectors.reducing(0,Person::getAge,(a,b)->a+b)));System.out.println(map.getClass());//classjava.util.TreeMap

2.12 分組-變成ConcurrentMap

static<T,K>Collector<T,?,ConcurrentMap<K,List<T>>>groupingByConcurrent(Function<?superT,?extendsK>classifier)static<T,K,A,D>Collector<T,?,ConcurrentMap<K,D>>groupingByConcurrent(Function<?superT,?extendsK>classifier,Collector<?superT,A,D>downstream)static<T,K,A,D,MextendsConcurrentMap<K,D>>Collector<T,?,M>groupingByConcurrent(Function<?superT,?extendsK>classifier,Supplier<M>mapFactory,Collector<?superT,A,D>downstream)

2.13 分割流

//predicate分區的依據static<T>Collector<T,?,Map<Boolean,List<T>>>partitioningBy(Predicate<?superT>predicate)static<T,D,A>Collector<T,?,Map<Boolean,D>>partitioningBy(Predicate<?superT>predicate,Collector<?superT,A,D>downstream)

2.14 收集器

通過在累積之前將映射函數應用于每個輸入Collector元素,使類型的接受元素適應一個接受類型的U元素T。

static<T,U,A,R>Collector<T,?,R>mapping(Function<?superT,?extendsU>mapper,Collector<?superU,A,R>downstream)

案例:

List<Person>integerList=newArrayList<>();integerList.add(newPerson("a",1));integerList.add(newPerson("a",2));integerList.add(newPerson("a",3));integerList.add(newPerson("b",4));integerList.add(newPerson("b",5));integerList.add(newPerson("b",6));Listlist=integerList.stream().collect(Collectors.mapping(Person::getName,Collectors.toList()));System.out.println(list);//[a,a,a,b,b,b]

2.15 收集之后繼續做一些處理

static<T,A,R,RR>Collector<T,A,RR>collectingAndThen(Collector<T,A,R>downstream,Function<R,RR>finisher)

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